bascketball (rules)

Personal fouls: 
Hitting
Pushing 
Slapping
Holding
Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving
Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two free throws if his shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.

Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a defensive player.  

Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.

Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking, and punching.

VIOLATIONS

• Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.
• Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of 
• Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble.
• Held ball. Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball at the same time.
• Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket, while it's on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot counts.
• Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession.
• Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball.