Australia

Hi guys,today im gonna talk about Australia.

Australia (officially, Commonwealth of Australia, AFI: [kɒmənwelθ ɒv ɒstreɪliə] or Australia, AFI: [ɒstreɪliə]) is a sovereign country of Oceania, whose form of government is the parliamentary federal constitutional monarchy.

The country occupies the main continental mass of the platform called Sahul, as well as some islands in the Pacific, Indian and Antarctic oceans. The countries closest to Australia are Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and the French dependency of New Caledonia to the northeast, and New Zealand to the southeast. Australia is the sixth largest country in the world with an area of ​​7 741 220 km².1 Its capital, Canberra, is located in the Australian Capital Territory. The population of the country in 2011 was about 21.5 million inhabitants, concentrated mainly in the large coastal cities: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide and the capital Canberra.

Australia has been inhabited for at least forty-six thousand years4 by Australian aborigines. His discovery would have occurred after the sporadic visits of Spaniards and Portuguese who explored the northern and western coast of Australia, without noticing that it was a new continent when confused with islands.5 6 7 The explorations started in the 17th century were continued by Dutch fishermen, explorers and European traders. So far, it is argued that the first to land on the eastern coasts was the British navigator James Cook, who arrived in 1769 in New Zealand and in 1770 on Australian lands.8 Because of this, the eastern half of the continent was claimed by England in 1770, and in 1788 a penal colony was established in New South Wales. Due to the settling of settlers, their demographic growth and the exploration of new areas, during the nineteenth century five more British colonies were established. On January 1, 1901, the six colonies were federated forming the Confederation of Australia. Since its establishment it has maintained a liberal democratic political system and has continued to be a monarchy within the British Commonwealth of Nations.